COVID-19 mRNA Vaccine (Pfizer-Biontech)
Indications
COVID-19 disease prevention
Adult Dose
Injection
COVID-19 Disease Prevention
Indicated for active immunization to prevent COVID-19 disease caused by SARS-CoV-2 in individuals aged >12 years
0.3 mL IM as a single dose each year
If previously vaccinated with any earlier COVID-19 vaccine formulation, administer at least 2 months after last vaccine dose
Child Dose
September 2023: EUA issued for active immunization to prevent coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in individuals aged 6 months through 11 years
<6 months: Safety and efficacy not established
6 months through 4 years
Use vial with yellow cap and label (must dilute)
Not previously vaccinated with a COVID-19 vaccine
3 dose primary series: 0.3 mL IM each
Dose 1: Week 0
Dose 2: Week 3
Dose 3: >8 weeks after dose 2
Previously vaccinated with 1 dose of Pfizer COVID-19 mRNA vaccine
2 doses: 0.3 mL IM each
Dose 1: 3 weeks after previous dose of Pfizer COVID-19 vaccine
Dose 2: >8 weeks after dose 1
Previously vaccinated with 2-4 doses of Pfizer COVID-19 mRNA vaccine
Single dose: 0.3 mL IM >8 weeks after last previous COVID-19 vaccine dose
5-11 years
Use vial with blue cap and label (do not dilute)
Single dose: 0.3 mL IM
Administer >2 months after receipt of last previous COVID-19 vaccine
12-17 years
0.3 mL IM as a single dose each year
If previously vaccinated with any earlier COVID-19 vaccine formulation, administer at least 2 months after last vaccine dose
Elderly Dose
CDC recommendations of additional doses for certain individuals
People aged >65 years or those who are moderately or severely immunocompromised may receive a second dose 6 months after their first dose each year
This also allows for flexibility for additional doses (ie, >3) for those who are moderately or severely immunocompromised
Administration
IM Administration
For IM injection only
Contra Indications
Known history of a severe allergic reaction (eg, anaphylaxis) to any component in the vaccine.
Precautions
Appropriate treatment used to manage immediate allergic reactions must be immediately available if an acute anaphylactic reaction occurs following administration
Syncope (fainting) may occur; procedures should be in place to avoid injury from fainting
Immunocompromised persons, including individuals receiving immunosuppressant therapy, may have a diminished immune response
May not protect all vaccine recipients
Myocarditis and pericarditis
May increase risks of myocarditis and pericarditis, particularly within 7 days following the second dose.
Risk is higher among adolescent and adult males aged <40 years than among females and older males, and the observed risk is highest among males aged 12-17 years
Based health insurance claims from inpatient and outpatient settings, estimated unadjusted incidence of myocarditis and/or pericarditis within 7 days following administration of 2023-2024 mRNA COVID-19 vaccine formulation was ~8 cases/million doses in patients aged 6 months through 64 years and ~27 cases/million doses in males aged 12-24 years
Some cases required intensive care support, although available data from short-term follow-up suggest most individuals had symptom resolution with conservative management
Pregnancy-Lactation
Not Classi
Pregnancy
A growing body of evidence on the safety and effectiveness of COVID-19 vaccination indicates that the benefits of vaccination outweigh any known or potential risks of COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy
Recent studies have also shown that antibodies produced after COVID-19 vaccination during pregnancy are transferred to the newborn, and COVID-19 vaccination of people who are pregnant reduces the risk of COVID-19 hospitalization in infants younger than 6 months
CDC guidelines for vaccination of pregnant or lactating females
Clinical considerations
Pregnant individuals infected with SARS-CoV-2 are at increased risk of severe COVID-19 compared with nonpregnant individuals
Lactation
Unknown whether vaccine is excreted in human milk
Data are unavailable to assess the effects on breastfed infants or milk production/excretion
For preventive vaccines, underlying maternal condition is susceptibility to disease prevented by the vaccine
Adverse Effects
>10%
Aged 12-15 years
Dose 1
Pain at injection site, moderate (43.7%)
Pain at injection site, mild (41.4%)
Fatigue, moderate (34.1%)
Headache, mild (32%)
Fatigue, mild (24.7%)
Headache, moderate (22.3%)
Muscle pain, moderate (18%)
Muscle pain, mild (13.9%)
Chills, mild (17.3%)
Fever >38C (10.1%)
Dose 2
Pain at injection site, mild (42.5%)
Pain at injection site, moderate (35.8%)
Fatigue, moderate (42.7%)
Headache, moderate (35%)
Headache, mild (27.5%)
Fatigue, mild (21.1%)
Chills, mild (20.1%)
Chills, moderate (19.5%)
Fever >38C (19.6%)
Muscle pain, moderate (12.9%)
Muscle pain, mild (11.1%)
Aged 18-55 years
Dose 1
Pain at injection site, mild (51.1%)
Pain at injection site, moderate (31%)
Headache, mild (27.4%)
Fatigue, moderate (26.1%)
Fatigue, mild (19.9%)
Headache, moderate (13.4%)
Muscle pain, mild (11.2%)
Dose 2
Pain at injection site, mild (49.5%)
Fatigue, moderate (33.7%)
Pain at injection site, moderate (27.1%)
Headache, mild (25.6%)
Headache, moderate (22.9%)
Fatigue, mild (21.1%)
Chills, mild (17.1%)
Chills, moderate (15.9%)
Fever >38ºC (15.8%)
Muscle pain, mild (15.5%)
Joint pain, moderate (11.2%)
Aged >56 years
Dose 1
Pain at injection site, mild (55.9%)
Fatigue, mild (20.7%)
Headache, mild (19.3%)
Pain at injection site, moderate (15%)
Fatigue, moderate (13.3%)
Dose 2
Pain at injection site, mild (47%)
Fatigue, moderate (26.6%)
Headache, mild (25.4%)
Fatigue, mild (21.1%)
Pain at injection site, moderate (18%)
Muscle pain, moderate (15.6%)
Headache, moderate (13%)
Muscle pain, mild (12.2%)
Chills, mild (12%)
Fever >38ºC (10.9%)
Mechanism of Action
Nucleoside-modified messenger RNA (modRNA) encoding the viral spike (S) glycoprotein of SARS-CoV-2; formulated in lipid particles, which enable delivery of RNA into host cells to allow expression of the SARS-CoV-2 S antigen
Elicits an immune response to the S antigen, which protects against COVID-19